Attack of cement pastes exposed to organic acids in manure

The results show that Si, Al, and Fe appear to be favourable elements for the chemical resistance of binders whereas the amount of Ca should be limited. Moreover, it is shown that the four acids found in liquid manure (acetic, propionic, butyric, iso-butyric) are equally aggressive. Lactic acid, present with acetic acid in silage effluent, is more aggressive according to the value of its pKa.