Acute demyelinating encephalomyelitis (ADEM), cryptococcal reactivation and disseminated Herpes simplex in an HIV infected child following HAART

Highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) is increasingly becoming available for HIV infected children in South Africa. We describe a 7-year-old HIV infected child (CD4=10, viral load =180,669 copies/ml) who develops a cryptococcal meningitis, with raised intracranial pressure, complicated by ADEM and disseminated Herpes simplex infection following commencement of HAART.