Optimization of relay node deployment for multisource multipath routing in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks using Gaussian distribution

This paper presents an analytical framework for the optimal deployment of relay nodes using a two-dimensional Gaussian distribution. Given the network parameters (such as number of sources nodes, communication range and number of routing paths needed) both the theoretical minimum number of relay nodes needed and the optimal standard deviation can be exactly determined. To validate the mathematical model and evaluate its performance, a simulation study has been conducted. Statistical analysis revealed that when optimal Gaussian distribution was used, instead of a uniform distribution, routing performance increased by at least twofold. That is sufficiently close to the ideal deterministic distribution. Additionally, the average path length and the number of control packets were considerably reduced, which can potentially improve energy consumption, packet delay, network lifetime and data delivery.