Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10162647 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | 2014 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Despite its widespread and long term use, the effectiveness of iontophoresis to increase the delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP) remains controversial. The goal of this study was to quantitatively compare the DSP concentrations in dermis' dialysates in two delivery scenarios: with and without iontophoresis. Interstitial fluid concentrations were measured by cutaneous microdialysis. Passive and active iontophoresis were applied simultaneously on the skin of the forearm in eight healthy adult participants using each participant as his/her own control. The iontophoresis apparatus and procedures were identical to those used in common clinical practice. Iontophoresis electrodes were loaded with 2Â mL of 4.4Â mg/mL of preservative-free DSP solution. Electric current (4 mA) was applied for 20Â min. Dialysate samples were collected for 2Â h and analyzed for DSP and its active metabolite dexamethasone (DXM). Seven out of eight iontophoresis sites contained quantifiable levels of DSP and DXM, whereas none of the samples collected at the passive site contained either form of the drug. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that iontophoresis significantly (p < 0.0001) increases delivery of DSP to the dermis compared with passive delivery of the same, and that microdialysis can be used to monitor DSP delivery and DXM formation in skin. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:191-196, 2014
Keywords
Related Topics
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Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science
Drug Discovery
Authors
Abhay Joshi, Grazia Stagni, Ann Cleary, Komal Patel, David S. Weiss, Marshall Hagins,