Gruźlica i latentne zakażenie prÄ tkami gruźlicy u dzieci. Zastosowanie testów uwalniania interferonu-γ w identyfikacji latentnego zakażenia prÄ tkami gruźlicy u dzieci

The interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) were developed for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection. IGRAs are currently used for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection in adults; a lack of evaluated studies in children has led to difficulties in their clinical interpretation. These two blood assays, including the commercially available T-SPOT.TB and QuantiFERON, enable detection of circulating T-cells responsive to specific Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. These assays are available for use in Poland. Evaluation of these tests has been hampered by the lack of a gold standard for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and limited pediatric data on their use. They may add sensitivity if used in addition to the tuberculin skin test (TST) in the youngest children. A summary of IGRA and TST, their application to pediatric practice and their benefits and limitations are described in this article.