Applying a network level in environmental impact assessments

Researchers and society devote increasing interest to environmental impact assessments. The study here discusses and questions current assessment models by relating them to inter-organizational network analyses, and demonstrates that single entities as the basis for environmental impact assessments may not be in the best interests of society. Three case studies focusing on logistical solutions illustrate environmental effects on a single-entity and a network level. The paper concludes that considering environmental impacts on a single-entity level disregards indirect effects, which in turn has consequences for the environment. The paper points to the importance of identifying the appropriate level for analysis of environmental impacts since the single entity as the basis for assessments may undermine environmentally friendly intentions.

Research highlights► The paper discusses and questions current environmental assessment models. ► Life-cycle assessment and cost-benefit analysis may lead to inappropriate decisions. ► Network-level analyses guide behavior that better complies with environmental intentions. ► Balance and indirect effects are important in environmental impact assessments.