Management of information technology investment: A framework based on a Real Options and Mean–Variance theory perspective

The selection of appropriate technology projects has been one of the most significant business challenges of the last decade. Information technology projects, in particular, represent the largest capital expenditure items for most US firms, yet many projects have been unsuccessful. Because of the importance of such investments, there is an urgent need for a framework to analyze them. In this paper, Real Options analysis in conjunction with classical financial theory, namely, the Mean–Variance (MV) model, is used to provide new perspectives on project selection. We develop a quadripartite framework and subsume the risks within its dimensions. Furthermore, we map the corresponding options in each of the quadrants. The framework offers an easy, but comprehensive, way for managers to evaluate potential projects. In addition, we conduct a case study to demonstrate how practitioners can apply the framework. This paper contributes to the technology management field by defining the risk dimensions of technology investments, and providing insights based on interdisciplinary financial theories.