Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10229881 | Biomaterials | 2010 | 6 Pages |
Abstract
Porous carbons can be used for purification of bio-fluids due to their excellent biocompatibility with blood. Since the ability to adsorb a range of inflammatory cytokines within the shortest possible time is crucial to stop the progression of sepsis, the improvement of the adsorption rate is a key factor to achieving efficient removal of cytokines. Here, we demonstrate the effect of synthesis temperatures (from 600 °C to 1200 °C), carbon particle sizes (from below 35 μm to 300 μm), and annealing conditions (Ar, NH3, H2, Cl2, and vacuum annealing) that determine the surface chemistry, on the ability of carbide-derived carbons (CDCs) to remove cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β from blood plasma. Optimization of CDC processing and structure leads to up to two orders of magnitude increase in the adsorption rate. Mesoporous CDCs that were produced at 800 °C from Ti2AlC with the precursor particle size of <35 μm and annealed in NH3, displayed complete removal of large molecules of TNF-α in less than an hour, with >85% and >95% TNF-α removal in 5 and 30 min, respectively. This is a very significant improvement compared to the previously published results for CDC (90% TNF-α removal after 1 h) and activated carbons. Smaller interleukin IL-6 and IL-1β molecules can be completely removed within 5 min. These differences in adsorption rates show that carbons with controlled porosity can also be used for separation of protein molecules.
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Bioengineering
Authors
Saujanya Yachamaneni, Gleb Yushin, Sun-Hwa Yeon, Yury Gogotsi, Carol Howell, Susan Sandeman, Gary Phillips, Sergey Mikhalovsky,