Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10231457 | Biotechnology Advances | 2015 | 55 Pages |
Abstract
Medicinal plants are essential for improving human health, and around 75% of the population in developing countries relies mainly on herb-based medicines for health care. As the king of herb plants, ginseng has been used for nearly 5000Â years in the oriental and recently in western medicines. Among the compounds studied in ginseng plants, ginsenosides have been shown to have multiple medical effects such as anti-oxidative, anti-aging, anti-cancer, adaptogenic and other health-improving activities. Ginsenosides belong to a group of triterpene saponins (also called ginseng saponins) that are found almost exclusively in Panax species and accumulated especially in the plant roots. In this review, we update the conserved and diversified pathway/enzyme biosynthesizing ginsenosides which have been presented. Particularly, we highlight recent milestone works on functional characterization of key genes dedicated to the production of ginsenosides, and their application in engineering plants and yeast cells for large-scale production of ginsenosides.
Keywords
Fps1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphateMVDPPDSHMG-CoAPPDDDSoxidosqualene cyclaseIPPPanaxCASMEPdammarenediol synthaseDXPFPPLASCyPPPTOSCHMGRUGTDMAPP3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductaseMethylerythritol phosphateRNA interferenceRNAiβ-amyrin synthasesqualene synthasesqualene epoxidaseMevalonic acidSalicylic acidisopentenyl diphosphateBiosynthesisIndustrial productionGinsengdimethylallyl diphosphateCytochrome P450Cycloartenol synthaseGAPfarnesyl pyrophosphateLanosterol synthaseMVAMethyl jasmonatePhysiological roleOASProtopanaxatriolprotopanaxadiolglyceraldehyde 3-phosphateTransgenic plantsGinsenoside
Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Bioengineering
Authors
Yu-Jin Kim, Dabing Zhang, Deok-Chun Yang,