A robust watermarking scheme using phase shift keying with the combination of amplitude boost and low amplitude block selection

In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, simulations under various conditions were conducted. The empirical results showed that QPSK is the best choice among other PSKs and the proposed scheme can sustain most common attacks including JPEG compression, rotating, resizing, cropping, painting, noising and blurring etc. The empirical results also showed that the scheme with AB and LABS properly combined outperforms the scheme without. The gain of the former over the latter is more significant for host images with smooth characteristics than those with high-frequency characteristics. Simulation comparison with two other schemes (the Hsu's scheme and the Chen's scheme) showed that the proposed scheme is the most robust among the three.