Determinants of university-firm R&D collaboration and its impact on innovation: A perspective from a low-tech industry

Result from a multivariate probit model reiterate that university-firm R&D collaboration affects process innovation. Evidence of a more novel kind suggests that product innovation is positively affected by geographical proximity to a university but is negatively affected by the amount of its codified knowledge production. Degree programmes in fields useful for local firms favour R&D collaborations. Academic policies that aim to commercialise research output negatively impact both product and process innovations of local firms.