ROZA-XL, an improved FRET based biosensor with an increased dynamic range for visualizing Zeta Associated Protein 70 kD (ZAP-70) tyrosine kinase activity in live T cells

Genetically encoded FRET based biosensors allow one to visualize the spatial and temporal evolution of specific enzyme activities in live cells. We have previously reported the creation of a FRET based biosensor specific for Zeta-Associated Protein −70 kD (ZAP-70) (Randriamampita et al., 2008), a Syk family protein tyrosine kinase. ZAP-70 is essential for early T cell receptor (TCR) signaling events, T lymphocyte development and has also been implicated in integrin mediated T lymphocyte migration. In order to facilitate the study of ZAP-70 kinase activity during dynamic phenomena such as immunological synapse formation or cell migration, we have designed and prepared a second generation of ZAP-70 specific biosensors. Here we describe a novel biosensor named ROZA-XL, that displays a 3-4 times greater dynamic range than its predecessor and possesses a robust baseline FRET value when expressed in the Jurkat human T cell line. We demonstrate that the robust behavior of this biosensor allows for rapid analysis of TCR mediated of ZAP-70 kinase activity at a single cell level, as shown in a simple end point assay in which ROZA-XL expressing cells are allowed to interact with stimulatory anti-CD3epsilon coated coverslips.