Ca2+ ionophores trigger membrane remodeling without a need for store-operated Ca2+ entry

Calcium (Ca2+) ionophores are the most effective agents able to elicit rapid membrane remodeling in vitro. This process exposes aminophospholipids at the surface of platelets and blood cells, thus providing a catalytic surface for coagulation. To explore the underlying mechanism, we examined if cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) increase through store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) was necessary for the potent effect of ionophores. Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin, although able to elevate [Ca2+]i through SOCE, does not trigger the rapid membrane remodeling. However, it was not known if the additional effect of ionophores to promote the process required SOCE or could it occur independently. We took advantage of two mutant B lymphoblast cell lines, characterized either by defective SOCE or altered membrane remodeling, to simultaneously assess [Ca2+]i increase and membrane remodeling in the presence of ionophores or thapsigargin. Results imply that ionophores trigger membrane remodeling without the requirement for a functional SOCE.