Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10814882 | Cellular Signalling | 2015 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
The phosphorylation of key proteins balanced by protein kinases and phosphatases are implicated in the regulation of cell cycle and apoptosis of malignant cells and influences anticancer drug actions. The efficacy of daunorubicin (DNR) in suppression of leukemic cell survival was investigated in the presence of tautomycin (TM) and calyculin A (CLA), specific membrane permeable inhibitors of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) and -2A (PP2A), respectively. CLA (50 nM) or TM (1 μM) suppressed viability of THP-1 and KG-1 myeloid leukemia cell lines to moderate extents; however, they significantly increased survival upon DNR-induced cell death. CLA increased the phosphorylation level of Erk1/2 and PKB/Akt kinases, the retinoblastoma protein (pRb), decreased caspase-3 activation by DNR and increased the phosphorylation level of the inhibitory sites (Thr696 and Thr853) in the myosin phosphatase (MP) target subunit (MYPT1) as well as in a 25 kDa kinase-enhanced phosphatase inhibitor (KEPI)-like protein. TM induced enhanced phosphorylation of pRb only, suggesting that this event may be a common factor upon CLA-induced PP2A and TM-induced PP1 inhibitory influences on cell survival. Silencing PP1 by siRNA in HeLa cells, or overexpression of Flag-KEPI in MCF-7 cells coupled with inducing its phosphorylation by PMA or CLA, resulted in increased phosphorylation of pRb. Our results indicate that PP1 directly dephosphorylates pRb, while PP2A might have an indirect influence via mediating the phosphorylation level of PP1 inhibitory proteins. These data imply the importance of PP1 inhibitory proteins in controlling the phosphorylation state of key proteins and regulating drug sensitivity and apoptosis in leukemic cells.
Keywords
PKCTHP-1TBSTPRBCLAPP2ATBSphorbol 12-myristate 13-acetatePP1MYPT1DNRHEPESCalyculin APMSFCPI-17PP1CPNUTSFBSSDSPBS3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acidBSADMSOPMAphenylmethanesulfonylfluorideSmall interfering RNASDS–PAGEsiRNAbovine serum albuminEDTAEthylenediaminetetraacetic acidOkadaic acidSDS–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresisTautomycinTris-buffered salineDaunorubicinDimethyl sulfoxidefetal bovine serumlactate dehydrogenaseLDHPhosphate-buffered salineMyosin phosphataseretinoblastoma proteinProtein phosphatase-2Aprotein phosphatase-1Protein kinase CPropidium iodideCHAPS
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Authors
Dóra Dedinszki, Andrea Kiss, László Márkász, Adrienn Márton, Emese Tóth, László Székely, Ferenc ErdÅdi,