Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10815517 | Cellular Signalling | 2013 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
Ras family small GTPases serve as binary molecular switches to regulate a broad array of cellular signaling cascades, playing essential roles in a vast range of normal physiological processes, with dysregulation of numerous Ras-superfamily G-protein-dependent regulatory cascades underlying the development of human disease. However, the physiological function for many “orphan” Ras-related GTPases remain poorly characterized, including members of the Rit subfamily GTPases. Rit is the founding member of a novel branch of the Ras subfamily, sharing close homology with the neuronally expressed Rin and Drosophila Ric GTPases. Here, we highlight recent studies using transgenic and knockout animal models which have begun to elucidate the physiological roles for the Rit subfamily, including emerging roles in the regulation of neuronal morphology and cellular survival signaling, and discuss new genetic data implicating Rit and Rin signaling in disorders such as cancer, Parkinson's disease, autism, and schizophrenia.
Keywords
GTPaseNGFMEFsGPCRCCIPKCSOStrkAEpacphorbol 12-myristate 13-acetateIFNγHSP27CREBGEFRTKRICMK2tropomyosin receptor kinase ARAS GTPaseTBIPACAP38MSK1/2Cdc42/Rac interactive bindingpKaERKJnkTNFαEGFPI3KDATc-Jun N-terminal protein kinasecAMPG protein coupled receptorGTPase Activating ProteinPMAMAPKMKKROSCyclic adenosine monophosphateTraumatic brain injuryDopamine transporterinterferon-γParkinson's diseasetumor necrosis factor αDopamineRINCAMconstitutively activeRITSignalingGAPepidermal growth factordominant negativeguanine nucleotide exchange factornerve growth factorPhosphatidylinositol 3-kinasemouse embryonic fibroblastsNeuroncAMP response element binding proteinExchange protein directly activated by cAMPHeat shock protein 27protein kinase AProtein kinase Cmitogen-activated protein kinaseson of sevenlessCalmodulincontrolled cortical impactCRIBguanosine triphosphataseReactive oxygen speciesReceptor Tyrosine Kinase
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Authors
Geng-Xian Shi, Weikang Cai, Douglas A. Andres,