Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10821712 | Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology | 2013 | 7 Pages |
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a widely used herbicide, on the metabolism of goldfish, Carassius auratus, using only vital (non-lethal) approaches. After 96Â h exposure to 1, 10 or 100Â mg/L of 2,4-D selected hematological (total hemoglobin and hematocrit) and biochemical (glucose content, aspartate transaminase and acetylcholinesterase activities) parameters were unchanged in blood of exposed fish. At 100Â mg/L of 2,4-D lymphocyte numbers decreased by 8%, whereas promyelocyte and metamyelocyte numbers increased by 7- and 2-fold, respectively. Exposure to 100Â mg/L of 2,4-D also elevated carbonyl protein levels (by 2-fold), triglyceride content (by 43%) and alanine transaminase activity (by 46%) in goldfish plasma. All of these hematological and biochemical parameters reverted to control values after a 96Â h recovery period. These data indicate that 2,4-D has toxicological effects on goldfish that can be monitored with multiple diagnostic tests using non-lethal blood testing.
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Authors
Olga I. Kubrak, Tetiana M. Atamaniuk, Kenneth B. Storey, Volodymyr I. Lushchak,