Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10845638 | Seminars in Cancer Biology | 2013 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
β-Adrenoceptors are broadly distributed in various tissues of the body. Stress hormones regulate a panel of important physiological functions and disease states including cancer. Nicotine and its derivatives could stimulate the release of stress hormones from cancer cells, leading to the promotion of cancer development. β-Blockers have been widely used to control hypertension for decades. Recently, these agents could have significant implications in cancer therapy through blockade of adrenoceptors in tumour tissues. In this review, we summarize recent advancements about the influence of stress hormones, nicotine and β-adrenoceptors on cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, and also tumour vasculature normalization. Relevant signal pathways and potential value of β-blockers in the treatment of cancer are also discussed in this review.
Keywords
HIF-1αβ-adrenergic systemGROαTGF-βNNKAP1HRGperivascular cellPlGFβ-adrenoceptorsPDGFEpacp70S6KpKanAChRFAKCREBSTAT3NF-κBPI3KMMPIL-64-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanonecyclic AMPcAMPMAPKp70S6 kinaseadenylyl cyclaseAngiogenesisγ-aminobutyric acidinterleukin-6β-blockersBADTAMTransforming growth factor βTumor associated macrophagesEndothelial cellshypoxia-inducible factor-1Vascular endothelial growth factorVascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)platelet-derived growth factornuclear factor-κBphosphoinositide 3-kinasematrix metalloproteinaseSignal transducer and activator of transcription-3NicotineStress hormonescAMP response element binding proteinactivator protein 1protein kinase Amitogen-activated protein kinasePVCTumour progressionfocal adhesion kinaseGABAhistidine-rich glycoproteinDopamine receptornicotinic acetylcholine receptors
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Authors
Jing Tang, Zhijie Li, Lan Lu, Chi Hin Cho,