Dispositional mindfulness buffers against incivility outcomes: A moderated mediation model

Rude treatment at work can reduce employees' well-being, underscoring the need for ways to offset negative outcomes. The current study explored the role of dispositional mindfulness as a buffering mechanism that may mitigate the negative relation between incivility and well-being, and promote forgiveness toward the perpetrator via decreased rumination and negative affect. A cross-sectional sample of employed individuals (n = 288) completed self-report measures of incivility, dispositional mindfulness, negative affect, rumination, stress, and forgiveness. Results of moderated mediation analyses showed that the mindfulness facets of non-judging and acting with awareness buffered against stress and promoted forgiveness via decreased negative affect. Additionally, being able to describe one's feelings, a facet of mindfulness, buffered against stress and promoted forgiveness via decreased rumination. Results provide support for adopting a multidimensional framework of dispositional mindfulness, as distinct facets differentially predicted outcomes. Non-judging, acting with awareness, and describing may serve as resources against the experience of rude treatment.