| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1162672 | Analytica Chimica Acta | 2016 | 8 Pages |
•An on-chip electromembrane extraction (CEME) was designed.•CEME was applied for simultaneous extraction of acidic and basic model analytes.•All effective variables on extraction efficiency of the model analytes were optimized.•Calibration curves were linear in the range of 10.0–500 μg L−1 with r2> 0.9982.•Method requires less volumes of organic solvent, sample and allow easier automation.
In the present work, a on-chip electromembrane extraction (CEME) was designed and employed for simultaneous extraction of mefenamic acid (MEF) and diclofenac (DIC), as acidic model analytes, and betaxolol (BET), as a basic model analyte, followed by HPLC-UV. The CEME consists of two polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) parts which each part consists of two separated microfluidic channels. A polypropylene sheet membrane impregnated with an organic solvent was sandwiched between the parts. One of the parts was used as the flow path for the sample solution and the other one as holder for the acceptor phases. The separated microfluidic channels of the sample solution part were connected to each other using a small piece of a capillary tube and the sample solution was pumped through them by means of a micro-syringe pump. However, the acceptor phases of the acidic and basic analytes were separately kept stagnant in the two microfluidic channels during the extraction process. A d.c. potential was applied for migration of the analytes from sample solution through the organic membrane into the acceptor phases. All effective variables on the extraction efficiency of the analytes were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, preconcentration factors higher than 15 were achieved and the calibration curves were linear in the range of 10–500 μg L−1 (r2 > 0.9982). RSD% values (n = 4) and LODs were less than 7.1% and 5.0 μg L−1. The results demonstrated that CEME could efficiently be used for the simultaneous analysis of acidic and basic analytes in biological samples.
Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide
