A bench scale study of fermentative hydrogen and methane production from food waste in integrated two-stage process

A two-stage fermentation process combining hydrogen and methane production for the treatment of food waste was investigated in this paper. In hydrogen fermentation reactor, the indigenous mixed microbial cultures contained in food waste were used for hydrogen production. No foreign inoculum was used in the hydrogen fermentation stage, the traditional heat treatment of inoculum was not applied either in this bench scale experiment. The effects of the stepwise increased organic loading rate (OLR) and solid retention time (SRT) on integrated two-stage process were investigated. At steady state, the optimal OLR and SRT for the integrated two-stage process were found to be 22.65 kg VS/m3 d (160 h) for hydrogen fermentation reactor and 4.61 (26.67 d) for methane fermentation reactor, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum yields of hydrogen (0.065 m3 H2/kg VS) and methane (0.546 m3 CH4/kg VS) were achieved with the hydrogen and methane contents ranging from 29.42 to 30.86%, 64.33 to 71.48%, respectively. Biodegradability analysis showed that 5.78% of the influent COD was converted to the hydrogen in H2-SCRD and 82.18% of the influent COD was converted to the methane in CH4-SCSTR under the optimum conditions.