Integration of fermentative hydrogen process and fuel cell for on-line electricity generation

In this work, a dark H2 fermentation process was integrated with a proton-exchange-membrane fuel-cell (PEMFC) system for on-line electricity generation. The H2 producing system was a continuously stirred anaerobic bioreactor (CSABR) seeded with silicone-immobilized sludge. The CSABR system, using sucrose as the sole carbon substrate, was able to continuously and stably produce H2 for over 300 days at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 6 h and an influent sucrose concentration of 30 g COD/l. The maximum H2 production rate and the optimal H2 yield were 1.15±0.08l/h/l and 3.71±0.18molH2/mol sucrose, respectively. The H2 produced from the CSABR system was purified via a CO2 absorber and a silica-gel desiccator, and then the >99%>99% pure H2 was fed into a PEMFC system at a rate of 1.72 l/h, generating electricity with a stable electromotive force of 3.30±0.04V. The output power was ca. 0.87 W (at 25∘C), and the output voltage and current were stably maintained at 2.28 V and 0.38 A, respectively, when connected to a small light emission diode (LED) panel.