| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1282473 | International Journal of Hydrogen Energy | 2011 | 9 Pages |
This study analyses the current industrial hydrogen markets in France on both a European and international scale, while endeavouring to assess future prospects by 2030. Hydrogen is produced either on purpose or unintentionally as a co-product. Intentional production of hydrogen, generally from natural gas, is classified as captive or merchant hydrogen. France produces about 920,000 metric tons of hydrogen annually. The producer and consumer industries are, in decreasing order of importance are: oil for refinery and petrochemicals, ammonia, iron & steel (co-production), chemicals, and chlorine (co-production). The intentional production of hydrogen from natural gas amounts to less than that co-produced: 40% compared with 60%. The amount of burned hydrogen is about 25% of the total. Production-related carbon dioxide emissions range between 1% and 2% of the total emissions in France. There is an increasing trend in the industrial hydrogen production, essentially due to the oil industry whereas a decline in production is expected in the ammonia industry. The annual production around 2030 should therefore be greater than 1 million metric tons (MMT) per year. If the iron & steel industry were to use hydrogen in every possible situation, it would double the total quantity of hydrogen produced and consumed in France.
► We study the present hydrogen French markets, and the possible trends up to 2030. ► France produces about 920,000 t/y of hydrogen annually. ► Annual production is expected to be over 1 MMT in 2030. ► The use of hydrogen in steel industry could double the total quantity in France. ► Related CO2 emissions range between 1% and 2% of the total emissions in France.
