Temperature activated ionic conductivity in gallium and indium phthalocyanines

The effects of introducing gallium and indium metals into phthalocyanine molecules were investigated via temperature and frequency dependent dielectric spectroscopy. The dielectric properties of Ga(III) and In(III) phthalocyanine pellets were measured at frequencies from 1 kHz to 1 MHz in the temperature range 300–530 K. The temperature dependence of the real part of the dielectric constant suggested that these compounds exhibit semiconductor behavior. The activation energy values were calculated from the Arrhenius plots at different frequencies. A distinct transition in these plots indicated the activation of ionic conductivity at higher temperatures.

Graphical abstractThe effects of introducing gallium and indium metals into phthalocyanine molecules were investigated via temperature and frequency dependent dielectric spectroscopy. The temperature dependence of the real part of the dielectric constant suggested that these compounds exhibit semiconductor behavior. The activation energy values were calculated from the Arrhenius plots at different frequencies. A distinct transition in these plots indicated the activation of ionic conductivity at higher temperatures.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideResearch highlights► Temperature dependent dielectric properties of ClGaPc and ClInPc compounds were analyzed. ► Ga and In embedded Pcs showed the standard semiconductor temperature dependency. ► The temperature dependence of the conductivities of both samples exhibited Arrhenius behavior. ► Our results show that the ionic conductivity is activated at elevated temperatures in both samples.