Synthesis and characterization of cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium(II) complexes of benzyl N-[1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene] hydrazine carbodithioate and benzyl N-[1-(thiophen-3-yl)ethylidene] hydrazine carbodithioate and the X-ray c

Two bidentate Schiff bases have been synthesized by reaction of S-benzyldithiocarbazate with 2-acetylthiophene and 3-acetylthiophene to give benzyl N-[1-(thiophen-2-yl)ethylidene] hydrazine carbodithioate (SB2ATP) and benzyl N-[1-(thiophen-3-yl)ethylidene] hydrazine carbodithioate (SB3ATP). The SB2ATP and SB3ATP were then reacted with five metal ions, cobalt(II), nickel(II), copper(II), zinc(II) and cadmium (II) to form 10 metal complexes, all of general formula ML2. The compounds synthesized were assayed for their bioactivities against selected pathogens and cancer cells. X-ray crystal structure analysis of Ni(SB2ATP)2 showed it to be a distorted square planar complex. All the compounds are non-electrolytes in DMSO. Cu(SB2ATP)2 showed strong activity towards Candida lypolytica. SB2ATP, SB3ATP, Co(SB2ATP)2, Cd(SB2ATP)2 and Cu(SB3ATP)2 showed weak activity against several microbes and fungi while the others showed no activity toward these targets. SB2ATP and Cd(SB3ATP)2 showed significant bioactivity towards human myeloid leukemia (HL-60) while Co(SB3ATP)2 showed slight cytotoxic activity towards this cell line. SB2ATP, SB3ATP, Co(SB2ATP)2, Cu(SB2ATP)2, Cu(SB3ATP)2, Zn(SB2ATP)2 and Cd(SB2ATP)2 showed significant chemotherapeutic activity against human breast carcinoma with positive estrogen receptor (MCF-7) while the remainder of the compounds showed significant bioactivity. The Schiff bases displayed higher cytotoxic activity compared to their metal complexes except for Cu(SB3ATP)2. None of the compounds showed any cytotoxic activity towards human cervical cancer (HeLa) or towards human breast carcinoma with negative estrogen receptors (MDA-MB-231).

Graphical abstractCobalt (II), nickel (II), copper (II), zinc (II) and cadmium (II) complexes of general formula ML2 were prepared using bidentate Schiff bases (SB2ATP and SB3ATP) synthesized by reaction of S-benzyldithiocarbazate with 2-acetylthiophene and 3-acetylthiophene. Single crystal X-ray crystal structure analysis of Ni(SB2ATP)2 showed it to be a distorted square planar complex. SB2ATP and Cd(SB3ATP)2 showed significant bioactivity towards human myeloid leukemia (HL-60) while SB2ATP, SB3ATP, Co(SB2ATP)2, Cu(SB2ATP)2, Cu(SB3ATP)2, Zn(SB2ATP)2 and Cd(SB2ATP)2 showed significant chemotherapeutic activity against human breast carcinoma with positive estrogen receptor (MCF-7). With the exception of Cu(SB3ATP)2, the Schiff bases displayed higher cytotoxic activity than their metal complexes. None of the compounds were active against human cervical cancer (HeLa) or human breast carcinoma with negative estrogen receptors (MDA-MB-231). Cu(SB2ATP)2 showed strong activity towards Candida lypolytica.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slide