Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
1405884 Journal of Molecular Structure 2013 10 Pages PDF
Abstract

•As termed by us, the "rate of ion selectivity" differs from the "ion selectivity" of an ion-exchanged form.•Decrease in crystallinity is controlled by replacement of heavy metals in the clinoptilolite structure.•Peak intensities decrease in relation to increasing normality in the Ag+, Cd2+ and Co3+ forms, except the Cr3+ forms.•The temperature of adsorbed water loss in heavy-metal forms is consistent, that of water of crystallisation increases.

Physicochemical characterisation of natural K-clinoptilolite and heavy-metal (Ag+, Cd2+, Cr3+ and Co3+) forms was accomplished through ion exchange by batch, X-ray diffractometric (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), infrared-spectral (FT-IR), differential thermal analysis–thermal gravimetric (DTA–TG) and scanning-electron microscopic (SEM) methods. Increasing the normality in the cases of heavy-metal forms resulted in decrease in crystallinity and increases in unit-cell volume, rate of ion exchange, and percentage of ion selectivity. In this study, the order of ion-selectivity percentages (rather than ion selectivity) of heavy-metal forms was determined to be Ag+ > Cd2+ > Cr3+ > Co3+. This finding is consistent with the results of worldwide research on the order of ion selectivity in modified clinoptilolite.

Related Topics
Physical Sciences and Engineering Chemistry Organic Chemistry
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