Performance assessment of different constraining potentials in computational structure prediction for disulfide-bridged proteins

The presence of disulfide bonds in proteins has very important implications on the three-dimensional structure and folding of proteins. An adequate treatment of disulfide bonds in de-novo protein simulations is therefore very important. Here we present a computational study of a set of small disulfide-bridged proteins using an all-atom stochastic search approach and including various constraining potentials to describe the disulfide bonds. The proposed potentials can easily be implemented in any code based on all-atom force fields and employed in simulations to achieve an improved prediction of protein structure. Exploring different potential parameters and comparing the structures to those from unconstrained simulations and to experimental structures by means of a scoring function we demonstrate that the inclusion of constraining potentials improves the quality of final structures significantly. For some proteins (1KVG and 1PG1) the native conformation is visited only in simulations in presence of constraints. Overall, we found that the Morse potential has optimal performance, in particular for the β-sheet proteins.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► An all-atom stochastic-search computational study of disulfide-bridged proteins. ► We propose different types of disulfide-bond potentials and parametrizations. ► Constraining potentials improve the quality of final structures significantly. ► Correct structure of two proteins could be found only with disulfide constraints. ► Morse potential has optimal performance, in particular for the beta-sheet proteins.