Effects of the fabrication process parameters on the precipitates and mechanical properties of a 9Cr–2W–V–Nb steel

The effects of the fabrication process parameters such as a tempering temperature, cold rolling and annealing condition on the precipitates and mechanical properties of a normalized 9Cr–2W–V–Nb steel were evaluated. Nb-rich MX precipitates were found in the specimen tempered at 550 °C while M23C6, Nb- and V-rich MX ones were observed in the specimen tempered at 750 °C. A cold rolling and an annealing at 750 °C of the specimen tempered at 550 °C induced the formation of large inhomogeneous M23C6 carbides, causing a reduced tensile strength. However, the cold rolling of the specimen tempered at 750 °C provided fine precipitates due to a fragmentation of some of the M23C6 carbides, and an annealing at 700 °C for 30 min was found to be suitable to recover the degraded mechanical properties from a cold working.