Application of hyperthermophiles and their enzymes

Enzymes from hyperthermophiles display extreme (thermo)stability and a wide range of enzymes have been examined to explore their potential for various biotechnological processes. In addition, recent years have witnessed the development of genetic systems in a number of hyperthermophilic archaea. This has provided the means to initiate cell engineering studies in these organisms. Biofuel production is now an important topic in microbial biotechnology, and the hydrogen producing capabilities of (hyper)thermophiles, as well as their thermostable hydrogenases, are now attracting much attention.

• Hyperthermophiles are a valuable source of thermostable biocatalysts. • Genetic systems are available in Pyrococcus, Thermococcus and Sulfolobus. • Gene expression and cell engineering is possible in Pyrococcus, Thermococcus and Sulfolobus. • Pyrococcus, Thermococcus and Thermotoga produce hydrogen from organic carbon sources.