Fast redox switching into the conducting state, related to single mono-cationic/polaronic charge carriers only in cation exchanger type conducting polymers

Simultaneously performed in situ conductance and spectro-electrochemical measurements—completed by EQCN—proved that fast redox switching can only be expected in cation exchanger type polymers, where the conductance develops promptly with the formation of mono-cationic/polaronic charge carriers—due assumingly to the presence of the charge compensating anions in favorable distribution.

Graphical abstractThe fast redox switching in cation exchanger type polymers.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Simultaneous in situ conductance and spectro-electrochemistry—completed by EQCN. ► Case A: the development of conducting state related to first charge carriers. ► Redox transformation starts always with cation removal. ► Case B: the development of conducting state is delayed, related to dications. ► Redox transformation connected always to anion movements.