The nuclear deformation and the preformation factor in the α-decay of heavy and superheavy nuclei

The potential barrier for α-decay is constructed using a generalized liquid drop model (GLDM) by taking into account the mass and charge asymmetry, and the proximity energy. Further considering the deformation of the daughter nucleus, the α  -decay half-lives of 158 even–even nuclei from Z=62Z=62 to Z=118Z=118 are systematically studied and an analytic expression for α particle preformation is proposed, which turns out to produce accurate results and show shell structure. Some predictions are made for the very neutron-deficient and superheavy nuclei (SHN) where the experimental values are absent from the NUBASE2012 table.