Long-baseline neutrino oscillation projects and neutrino CP violation in Europe

The discovery that the last mixing angle, θ13, is non-zero, has opened the possibility to address crucial open questions in the coming future: if the CP symmetry is conserved in the leptonic sector; what the neutrino mass ordering is and what the precise values of the mixing parameters are. Long baseline neutrino experiments will be the strategy of choice to answers these questions. We review the theoretical issues for these type of experiments and the ambitious future experimental program which is underway or at the R&D stage in Europe.