| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1925543 | Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics | 2012 | 10 Pages |
The kidney is essential for the maintenance of normal calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. Calcium and inorganic phosphorus are filtered at the glomerulus, and are reabsorbed from tubular segments by transporters and channels which are regulated by 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin (1α,25(OH)2D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). The kidney is the major site of the synthesis of 1α,25(OH)2D under physiologic conditions, and is one of the sites of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)2D) synthesis. The activity of the 25(OH)D-1α-hydroxylase, the mixed function oxidase responsible for the synthesis of 1α,25(OH)2D, is regulated by PTH, 1α,25(OH)2D, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), inorganic phosphorus and other growth factors. Additionally, the vitamin D receptor which binds to, and mediates the activity of 1α,25(OH)2D, is widely distributed in the kidney. Thus, the kidney, by regulating multiple transport and synthetic processes is indispensible in the maintenance of mineral homeostasis in physiological states.
► The kidney is essential for the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis. ► The kidney is the site of synthesis and degradation of 1α,25(OH)2D. ► Many proteins involved in calcium transport are regulated by 1α,25(OH)2D.
