| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1932944 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications | 2009 | 5 Pages |
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are evolutionarily conserved innate receptors expressed in various immune and non-immune cells of the mammalian host. TLRs play a crucial role in defending against pathogenic microbial infection through the induction of inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons. Furthermore, TLRs also play roles in shaping pathogen-specific humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses. In this review, we describe the recent advances in pathogen recognition by TLRs and TLR signaling.
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Authors
Himanshu Kumar, Taro Kawai, Shizuo Akira,