Protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions in domain-assembly: Lessons from giant unilamellar vesicles

Giant Unilamellar Vesicles (GUVs) provide a key model membrane system to study lipid–lipid and lipid–protein interactions, which are relevant to vital cellular processes, by (single-molecule) optical microscopy. Here, we review the work on reconstitution techniques for membrane proteins and other preparation methods for developing GUVs towards most suitable close-to-native membrane systems. Next, we present a few applications of protein-containing GUVs to study domain assembly and protein partitioning into raft-like domains.