Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic cardiomyopathy

Cardiovascular disease is common in patients with diabetes and is a significant contributor to the high mortality rates associated with diabetes. Heart failure is common in diabetic patients, even in the absence of coronary artery disease or hypertension, an entity known as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Evidence indicates that myocardial metabolism is altered in diabetes, which likely contributes to contractile dysfunction and ventricular failure. The mitochondria are the center of metabolism, and recent data suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes many of the potential mechanisms that lead to mitochondrial dysfunction in the diabetic heart. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Mitochondria and Cardioprotection.

Research Highlights► A review of evidence for cardiac mitochondrial abnormalities associated with diabetes. ► Human and animal data supporting mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic hearts. ► Various mechanisms for mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic hearts are reviewed.