Investigation of the Adsorption of PEG1500-12-Acyloxystearate Surfactants onto Phospholipid Bilayers: An Ellipsometry and Cryo-TEM Study

In this article we present a study of a new class of surfactants denoted as PEG1500-12-acyloxystearates, which have potential use as pharmaceutical solubilizers. These amphiphilic molecules present interesting properties with regard to cell damage effects. PEG1500-12-acyloxystearates with C14 to C16 acyloxy chains cause little or no damage to red blood and intestinal cells, whereas the surfactants with shorter chains, from C8 to C12, induce measurable damage. To start unraveling the reason why there is this rather marked dependence of the cell damage effect on surfactant chain length, we have carried out systematic studies of adsorption properties of the surfactants onto phospholipid bilayers by means of ellipsometry. The rate of incorporation of the surfactants in the lipid membrane decreases with increasing length of the acyloxy chain. Cryo-TEM images strengthen the ellipsometry results by showing that the dissolution of the phospholipid bilayer is slower for the surfactants of the series having longer chains.