Apoptosis signalling is essential and precedes protein degradation in wasting skeletal muscle during catabolic conditions

Activation of skeletal muscle proteolysis leads to wasting in many types of catabolic/chronic diseases. Protein breakdown is basically accomplished by the activation of the ubiquitin–proteasome system. Interestingly, several publications have shown that DNA fragmentation also occurs in skeletal muscle tissue during catabolism. The present review suggests that activation of apoptosis precedes protein breakdown associated with muscle wasting. In addition, the role of the different proteolytic systems and their relation with apoptosis is emphasized. Altogether, the data presented could be used for the design of new approaches for the treatment of muscle wasting diseases.