Mcm8 and Mcm9 Form a Complex that Functions in Homologous Recombination Repair Induced by DNA Interstrand Crosslinks

SummaryDNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are highly toxic lesions that stall the replication fork to initiate the repair process during the S phase of vertebrates. Proteins involved in Fanconi anemia (FA), nucleotide excision repair (NER), and translesion synthesis (TS) collaboratively lead to homologous recombination (HR) repair. However, it is not understood how ICL-induced HR repair is carried out and completed. Here, we showed that the replicative helicase-related Mcm family of proteins, Mcm8 and Mcm9, forms a complex required for HR repair induced by ICLs. Chicken DT40 cells lacking MCM8 or MCM9 are viable but highly sensitive to ICL-inducing agents, and exhibit more chromosome aberrations in the presence of mitomycin C compared with wild-type cells. During ICL repair, Mcm8 and Mcm9 form nuclear foci that partly colocalize with Rad51. Mcm8-9 works downstream of the FA and BRCA2/Rad51 pathways, and is required for HR that promotes sister chromatid exchanges, probably as a hexameric ATPase/helicase.

Graphical AbstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (143 K)Download as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Mcm8 and Mcm9 form a complex nonessential for DNA replication ► mcm8KO and mcm9KO cells are hypersensitive to ICL-inducing agents ► The Mcm8-9 complex functions downstream of the FA and BRCA2/Rad51 pathways ► The Mcm8-9 complex functions in HR repair, possibly as a hexameric ATPase/helicase