| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2502286 | International Journal of Pharmaceutics | 2013 | 9 Pages |
•Radiopaque microcapsules made of PVA and lipiodol were successfully prepared.•The microcapsules showed spherical shape, reasonable size and high lipiodol content.•The microcapsules proved good deliverability, biocompatibility and radiopacity.•The elasticity of microcapsules was better than that of commercial embolic agent.•The microcapsules were successfully embolized to a rabbit kidney and detected by CT.
Embolic agents, such as microparticles, microspheres or beads used in current embolotherapy are mostly radiolucent, which means the agents are invisible under X-ray imaging during and after the process of embolization, and the fate of these particles cannot be precisely assessed. In this research, a radiopaque embolic agent was developed by encapsulating lipiodol in polyvinyl alcohol. The lipiodol-containing polyvinyl alcohol microcapsules (LPMs) were characterized and evaluated for their morphology, size distribution, lipiodol content, lipiodol release, elasticity, and deliverability through catheter. The radiopacity of LPMs in vials and in living mice was both detected by an X-ray imaging system. The biocompatibility of LPMs was investigated with L929 cells and in mice after subcutaneous injection. Embolization of LPMs to a rabbit kidney was performed under digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and the radiopacity of LPMs was verified by computed tomography (CT).
Graphical abstractAfter subcutaneous injection to mice and embolization to a rabbit kidney, radiopaque microcapsules were detected clearly by in vivo imaging system and computed tomography (CT), respectively.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (103 K)Download as PowerPoint slide
