Salicin derivatives from Salix glandulosa and their biological activities

Two new salicin derivatives, saliglandin (1) and 6′-O-(Z)-p-coumaroylsalicin (2), along with fourteen known analogues (3–16) were isolated from the twigs of Salix glandulosa Seemen. The structures of 1–16 were characterized by the use of NMR methods (1H and 13C NMR, 1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC), chemical hydrolysis, and GC/MS. The full NMR data assignment of the known compounds 6, 13, and 14 are reported for the first time. Isolated compounds were evaluated for their nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory efficacy in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglial cell (BV-2). Compounds 2, 5, 8–16 significantly inhibited NO production, compound 11 being the most efficacious (IC50 13.57 μM) respectively. Moreover, compound 16 dramatically increased the nerve growth factor (NGF) production (165.24 ± 11.1%) in C6 glioma cells. Taken together, these results revealed that salicin derivatives from Salix glandulosa might have potent effect as anti-neuroinflammatory agents.

Graphical abstractTwo new salicin derivatives (1 and 2) and fourteen known analogues (3–16) were isolated from the twigs of Salix glandulosa. Their chemical structures were determined through spectroscopic analyses. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity and neuroprotective effect.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload high-quality image (253 K)Download as PowerPoint slide