Troubleshooting methods: Using intravital microscopy in drug research

The technique of observing cellular interactions in real time using intravital microscopy is now a recognised technique in many laboratories. This review highlights the potential uses and pitfalls of this form of microscopy in drug research. This review covers topics such as applications of this highly versatile technique, the choice of vascular bed available (with particular emphasis on the cremaster muscle, the mesentery and the brain), and the types of measurements that can be collected. Where possible, we have provided examples and technical advice to aid the use of this technique in research. This article is not intended to be a complete overview of the use of intravital microscopy in drug research, and readers are encouraged to refer to the references engaged within.