Medical emergencies in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients

This article is a review of some of the conditions affecting HIV+ patients that are likely to present to hospital requiring acute/emergency care. Conditions are discussed by system with a focus on differential diagnosis and investigation of the conditions that are more classically associated with HIV. This article is not intended for the specialist in HIV care but rather for the non-specialist practitioner who will encounter these patients in the acute setting and wishes to become more familiar with some of the conditions managed in this fascinating and diverse specialty.