Exploring problem decomposition in conceptual design among novice designers

Conceptual product design is commonly described as problem solving. In the present study we attempt to expand this view. Focusing on the solution search phase, we analyse explicit and implicit problem decomposition techniques and integrate them into a descriptive cognitive model. To evaluate the prevalence of decomposition modes empirically, we provide results from a verbal protocol analysis study involving 16 senior students of mechanical engineering. Data indicated that the subjects apply top–down control strategies coupled to implicit decomposition. Explicit decomposition was used seldom and without obvious benefits. We relate these results to the model that considers implicit decomposition as an integral part of the problem interpretation process and discuss the role of decomposition in a structured idea generation process.