Adults With Congenital Heart Disease and Previous Intervention

Cardiac malformations occur in approximately 1% of live births. Advances in surgery, interventional cardiology, and medical care have translated into increasing numbers of adult patients with congenital heart disease. These patients, even after intervention, have cardiac sequelae that require specialized care by cardiologists and cardiac surgeons with expertise in the management of congenital cardiac disease. We review 8 of the most common lesions encountered after intervention in an adult congenital cardiac practice and discuss longitudinal follow-up, with a focus on appropriate testing, common hemodynamic and electrophysiological issues, and indications for reintervention.