Prevalence and risk factors for diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in Asian Indians: A community survey from urban Eastern India

ObjectivesTo determine the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and to identify risk factors for the same specific to an underdeveloped urban locale of Eastern India.MethodsStudy design. Population based cross-sectional study, with multistage random sampling technique.Setting. Urban city-dwellers in Orissa one of the poorest states of Eastern India bordering a prosperous state of Andhra Pradesh of Southern India.Participants. 1178 adults of 20–80 years age randomly selected from 37 electoral wards of urban populace.Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and IGT. These were based on a Report of a World Health Organiztion/International Diabetes Federation Consultation of 2006.Main outcome measure. Prevalence and significant risk factors for Diabetes and IGT.Statistical analysis. Both descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe crude rates of diabetes and IGT in the study population were 15.7% and 8.8%, respectively. Similarly age-standardized rates of diabetes and IGT were 11.1% and 6.7%, respectively. Both diabetes and IGT had shown a male preponderance.ConclusionDiabetes and IGT were very highly prevalent in this urban populace. Cardiometabolic risk factors like older age, central obesity, inadequate fruit intake, hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia and socio economic status were found to be significant predictors of diabetes in this study.