La llamada polipill: ¿una solución o un problema?

The concept of using a polypill for the prevention of cardiovascular disease was first suggested at the beginning of the present century. An article published by Wald and Law in 2003 set off a lengthy debate about the usefulness of the polypill. The two authors' initial proposal was for all individuals aged over 55 years to regularly receive a polypill containing a fixed-dose combination of six active substances in the hope that it would prevent as much as 80% of all coronary disease events. This strategy, which the authors termed the "vaccination approach", has been widely questioned and neither its efficacy nor costeffectiveness has been demonstrated. In contrast, the idea of giving polypills to patients who have previously had heart disease or who are at an increased risk of disease, with the aim of reducing the cost of treatment and of improving adherence, appears to be gaining support. This substitution approach could help improve cardiovascular prevention in developing countries and in poorer segments of the population. A number of clinical trials that are currently underway will give us a more precise assessment of the role of the polypill in cardiovascular prevention.