Lipopolysaccharide preconditioning prevents acceleration of kindling epileptogenesis induced by traumatic brain injury

•10–20% of symptomatic epilepsies are post-traumatic (PTE).•No therapy for prevention of PTE is yet available.•We found that traumatic brain injury (CCI) accelerates kindling epileptogenesis in rats.•Microglia preconditioning by LPS prevents the acceleration of kindling rate.•LPS prevents hippocampal IL-1β and TNF-α over-expression and neuronal death.

10–20% of symptomatic epilepsies are post-traumatic. We examined effect of LPS preconditioning on epileptogenesis after controlled cortical impact (CCI). LPS (0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) was injected i.p. to rats 5 days before induction of CCI to parieto-temporal cortex. Kindling started 24 h after CCI by i.p. injection of 30 mg/kg of pentylenetetrazole every other day until manifestation of 3 consecutive generalized seizures. CCI injury accelerated the rate of kindled seizures acquisition. LPS (0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg) prevented the acceleration of kindling. LPS preconditioning significantly decreased IL-1β and TNF-α over-expression and the number of damaged neurons in the hippocampus of traumatic rats.

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