Primary intraosseous lymphoma of the maxilla – A case report and review of the literature

Lymphoma arising from a single bone without any nodal or visceral involvement is known as primary intra-osseous lymphoma. It is a very uncommon malignancy and constitutes 3.1% of malignant bone tumors and 5% of extranodal lymphomas. The incidence is only 0.6% in the jaws. The primary intra-osseous lymphoma of the jaws is a challenge to diagnose, because of their varied clinical presentation, which can mimic an odontogenic tumor, cyst or a fibro-osseous lesion. Here we present a case of primary intraosseous lymphoma in a 32-year-old Asian female who presented with a swelling in the right maxilla. This case report discusses the rare malignancy, including clinical presentation, histopathologic features, immunologic profile, management and prognosis. It highlights the importance of recognizing rare entities that may present in the jaws, the impact of the disease and its management.