Bone morphogenetic proteins in soft-tissue reconstruction

Different options are reviewed in the field of musculoskeletal tissue reconstruction, from the addition of biological actors (cells, growth factors, biological or artificial scaffolds) to the application of gene therapy or tissue engineering. Growth factors can enable innovative solutions to treat such disease if we can extrapolate to soft tissue the promising results obtained in bone reconstruction with bone morphogenetic proteins. However, as in bone reconstruction, soft-tissue regeneration will depend on the drug delivery carrier, the scaffold for the newly formed tissue, the dose of growth factor and the animal model, which must all be explored before extrapolation to clinical problems.