Racial variations in the effects of structural and psychological factors on depressive symptoms: A structural equation modeling approach

Despite the greater exposure to risk factors for psychiatric distress, African Americans in the United States have similar or lower rates of common psychiatric disorders compared to Whites. This paper assesses whether the effects of structural and psychological resources on depressive symptoms vary by race. Findings from the National Survey of American Life show that while income matters more for Whites, education is a stronger predictor of mental health among African Americans, and its effects are mediated by mastery and self-esteem. These findings shed light on the epidemiology of depression and identify significant mental health resources among African Americans and Whites.